关于(yu)泵气蚀的(de)***全(quan)总结
什么(me)是(shi)(shi)(shi)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)？泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)局部(bu)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)到临(lin)界压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)时(shi)(shi)(shi)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)中(zhong)便会(hui)产生(sheng)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡。汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡聚集、运动(dong)、***、消灭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全过(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。临(lin)界压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)接(jie)近汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)哪些(xie)危害？1.过(guo)(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)腐蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腐蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原因(yin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)两个：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡破灭时(shi)(shi)(shi)产生(sheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)频（600~25000HZ）冲击，压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)高(gao)(gao)(gao)达(da)49Mpa，致使金属(shu)(shu)(shu)表(biao)(biao)面出(chu)现机械剥蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)时(shi)(shi)(shi)放出(chu)热(re)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，并有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)温(wen)差电池作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)产生(sheng)水(shui)解，产生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧气(qi)(qi)(qi)使金属(shu)(shu)(shu)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，发(fa)生(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)学腐蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。2.泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)内的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)交换受到干(gan)扰和(he)(he)(he)破坏(huai)，在(zai)(zai)外特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)现是(shi)(shi)(shi)Q-H曲(qu)线(xian)，Q-P、Q-η曲(qu)线(xian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，严(yan)重时(shi)(shi)(shi)会(hui)使泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)中(zhong)断，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。对(dui)(dui)于(yu)低(di)比转(zhuan)速(su)(su)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)于(yu)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)间流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道窄而(er)(er)长，一(yi)(yi)(yi)旦发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡充满整个流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道，性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)曲(qu)线(xian)会(hui)突降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。对(dui)(dui)于(yu)中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)比转(zhuan)速(su)(su)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道短而(er)(er)宽(kuan)，因(yin)而(er)(er)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡从(cong)发(fa)生(sheng)发(fa)展(zhan)到充满整个流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道需(xu)(xu)要一(yi)(yi)(yi)个过(guo)(guo)(guo)渡过(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，相(xiang)应(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)曲(qu)线(xian)开始是(shi)(shi)(shi)缓慢下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，之后增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)到某(mou)***量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)才急(ji)剧(ju)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。离心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)***易发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)曲(qu)率***大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)盖(gai)板处(chu)，靠(kao)近叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)边(bian)缘的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)侧；压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)出(chu)室中(zhong)蜗壳(qiao)隔舌和(he)(he)(he)导叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靠(kao)近进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)边(bian)缘低(di)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)侧；无前(qian)盖(gai)板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)比转(zhuan)数(shu)(shu)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)梢外圆(yuan)与(yu)(yu)壳(qiao)体(ti)(ti)之间的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密封间隙以(yi)及叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)梢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)侧；多(duo)级(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)中(zhong)***级(ji)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)抗气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)措(cuo)(cuo)施1.提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)离心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)身(shen)抗气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施改(gai)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)***叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)结构(gou)设(she)计(ji)。增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)过(guo)(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)面积；增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)盖(gai)板进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曲(qu)率半径，减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)急(ji)剧(ju)加(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)与(yu)(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)；适(shi)当减(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度，并将(jiang)(jiang)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)修(xiu)圆(yuan)，使其接(jie)近流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)线(xian)型，也(ye)可以(yi)减(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)绕流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)头(tou)(tou)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)与(yu)(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)；提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)和(he)(he)(he)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分表(biao)(biao)面光洁度以(yi)减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)阻力(li)(li)(li)(li)损(sun)(sun)失；将(jiang)(jiang)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)边(bian)向叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)延伸，使液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)接(jie)受作(zuo)(zuo)功，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。采用(yong)(yong)前(qian)置(zhi)诱导轮(lun)(lun)，使液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)在(zai)(zai)前(qian)置(zhi)诱导轮(lun)(lun)中(zhong)提(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)作(zuo)(zuo)功，以(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。采用(yong)(yong)双吸(xi)(xi)(xi)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)，让液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)从(cong)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)两侧同时(shi)(shi)(shi)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)，则进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)截面增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)倍，进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)可减(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)倍。设(she)计(ji)工(gong)(gong)况采用(yong)(yong)稍大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)冲角(jiao)，以(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)角(jiao)，减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弯曲(qu)，减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)阻塞，以(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)面积；改(gai)善大(da)(da)(da)(da)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)条件(jian)(jian)，以(yi)减(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)动(dong)损(sun)(sun)失。但正(zheng)冲角(jiao)不(bu)(bu)宜过(guo)(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)，否则影响效(xiao)率。采用(yong)(yong)抗气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)。实践表(biao)(biao)明，材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)强(qiang)度、硬度、韧性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)越高(gao)(gao)(gao)，化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)学稳定(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)越好，抗气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)越强(qiang)。2.提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)前(qian)贮液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)罐中(zhong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)上(shang)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度。将(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)改(gai)为(wei)倒灌装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)前(qian)管(guan)(guan)路(lu)(lu)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)动(dong)损(sun)(sun)失。如在(zai)(zai)要求范围尽量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)缩短管(guan)(guan)路(lu)(lu)，减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)管(guan)(guan)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)，减(jian)(jian)少(shao)(shao)弯管(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)(he)阀门(men)，尽量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)阀门(men)开度等(deng)(deng)。降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)工(gong)(gong)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)介(jie)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)温(wen)度（当输送工(gong)(gong)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)近饱和(he)(he)(he)温(wen)度时(shi)(shi)(shi)）。以(yi)上(shang)措(cuo)(cuo)施可根据泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)选型、选材和(he)(he)(he)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)现场等(deng)(deng)条件(jian)(jian)，进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行综合分析，适(shi)当加(jia)(jia)(jia)以(yi)应(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)。汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)与(yu)(yu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)时(shi)(shi)(shi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)因(yin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)真空(kong)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)下(xia)(xia)(xia)会(hui)产生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)，汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡在(zai)(zai)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)点(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)撞击运动(dong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，对(dui)(dui)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)等(deng)(deng)金属(shu)(shu)(shu)表(biao)(biao)面产生(sheng)剥蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，从(cong)而(er)(er)破坏(huai)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)等(deng)(deng)金属(shu)(shu)(shu)，此时(shi)(shi)(shi)真空(kong)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)叫汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指在(zai)(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)单(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)所具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超过(guo)(guo)(guo)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，单(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)米标注(zhu)，用(yong)(yong)（NPSH）r。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)即(ji)(ji)为(wei)必(bi)需(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)Δh：即(ji)(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)允许吸(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真空(kong)度，亦即(ji)(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)允许的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度，单(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)米。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)=标准(zhun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)气(qi)(qi)(qi)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（10.33米）-汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)-安(an)全量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)（0.5米） 标准(zhun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)气(qi)(qi)(qi)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)管(guan)(guan)路(lu)(lu)真空(kong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度10.33米。各自计(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)单(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)及表(biao)(biao)示字母？汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)指泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)所具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)总水(shui)头(tou)(tou)与(yu)(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)时(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)头(tou)(tou)之差，单(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)米（水(shui)柱）标注(zhu)，用(yong)(yong)（NPSH）表(biao)(biao)示，具(ju)(ju)体(ti)(ti)分为(wei)如下(xia)(xia)(xia)几类：NPSHa——装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)又叫有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，越大(da)(da)(da)(da)越不(bu)(bu)易汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；NPSHr——泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，又叫必(bi)需(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)或泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)动(dong)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，越小(xiao)(xiao)抗汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)越好；NPSHc——临(lin)界汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)指对(dui)(dui)应(ying)(ying)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；[NPSH]——许用(yong)(yong)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)确定(ding)(ding)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)使用(yong)(yong)条件(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，通常(chang)取(qu) [NPSH]=（1.1～1.5）NPSHc。必(bi)需(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)何(he)(he)(he)区别汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)分有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)NPSHa和(he)(he)(he)必(bi)须(xu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)NPSHr。泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)须(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)设(she)计(ji)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)工(gong)(gong)艺管(guan)(guan)路(lu)(lu)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)。对(dui)(dui)于(yu)给定(ding)(ding)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，在(zai)(zai)给定(ding)(ding)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)必(bi)需(xu)(xu)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)称为(wei)必(bi)需(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)NPSHr表(biao)(biao)示。又称为(wei)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)规定(ding)(ding)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)要达(da)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)参数(shu)(shu)。NPSHr和(he)(he)(he)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)内部(bu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)动(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)身(shen)头(tou)(tou)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其物(wu)理意(yi)义(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)表(biao)(biao)示液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)了(le)保(bao)征泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要求在(zai)(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)单(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)超过(guo)(guo)(guo)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)头(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。必(bi)须(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)与(yu)(yu)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)参数(shu)(shu)无关(guan)，只与(yu)(yu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)运动(dong)参数(shu)(shu)（vo、wo、wk等(deng)(deng)）有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)，这(zhei)(zhei)些(xie)运动(dong)参数(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)几何(he)(he)(he)参数(shu)(shu)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。这(zhei)(zhei)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)说NPSHr是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)身(shen)（吸(xi)(xi)(xi)水(shui)室和(he)(he)(he)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)几何(he)(he)(he)参数(shu)(shu)）决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。对(dui)(dui)于(yu)既定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，不(bu)(bu)论何(he)(he)(he)种(zhong)介(jie)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（黏性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)介(jie)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)影响速(su)(su)度分布除外），在(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)经泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)，因(yin)速(su)(su)度大(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)相(xiang)同故(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，即(ji)(ji)NPSHr相(xiang)同。所以(yi)NPSHr与(yu)(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无关(guan)（不(bu)(bu)考(kao)虑热(re)力(li)(li)(li)(li)学因(yin)素）。NPSHr越小(xiao)(xiao)，表(biao)(biao)示压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)小(xiao)(xiao)，要求装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)必(bi)须(xu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)NPSHa小(xiao)(xiao)，因(yin)而(er)(er)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)越好。因(yin)此:r代表(biao)(biao)required必(bi)需(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)体(ti)(ti)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)，具(ju)(ju)体(ti)(ti)与(yu)(yu)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)，叶(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)形式等(deng)(deng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)；有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)条件(jian)(jian)所确定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)NPSHa表(biao)(biao)示。又称为(wei)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)单(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超过(guo)(guo)(guo)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)头(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。NPSHa越大(da)(da)(da)(da)，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)越不(bu)(bu)容易发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)与(yu)(yu)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)参数(shu)(shu)及液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)质(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（p、pv等(deng)(deng)）有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)。因(yin)为(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)装(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)力(li)(li)(li)(li)损(sun)(sun)失和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)方成正(zheng)比，所以(yi)NPSHa随流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)而(er)(er)减(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)。因(yin)此: A代表(biao)(biao)available有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，可以(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，这(zhei)(zhei)个由(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)系统和(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)路(lu)(lu)决(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)，必(bi)须(xu)经过(guo)(guo)(guo)严(yan)格(ge)计(ji)算；要保(bao)证泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，NPSHa必(bi)须(xu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)NPSHr。具(ju)(ju)体(ti)(ti)大(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)少(shao)(shao)，各种(zhong)不(bu)(bu)同形式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)都有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)经验值, 一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)把泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)须(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)0.5-1m的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富(fu)(fu)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)头(tou)(tou)作(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)允许汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。
