关于(yu)泵(beng)气蚀的(de)***全总结
什么是(shi)(shi)(shi)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)？泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)局部(bu)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)下(xia)降(jiang)到(dao)临(lin)界(jie)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)时(shi)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)便会(hui)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡(pao)。汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡(pao)聚(ju)集、运动(dong)、***、消灭(mie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)过程(cheng)。临(lin)界(jie)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)一般(ban)接(jie)近汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)哪些危害(hai)？1.过流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)部(bu)件腐(fu)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腐(fu)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)原因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)两(liang)个(ge)：一是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡(pao)破灭(mie)时(shi)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)频（600~25000HZ）冲击，压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)高(gao)(gao)(gao)达49Mpa，致使金(jin)属表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)出(chu)现(xian)机械剥(bo)(bo)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)时(shi)放(fang)出(chu)热量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，并有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)温(wen)差电池作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)水解，产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)使金(jin)属氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，发(fa)生(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)学(xue)(xue)腐(fu)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。2.泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)下(xia)降(jiang)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)时(shi)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)内的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)交换(huan)受(shou)到(dao)干扰和(he)(he)(he)破坏，在(zai)外特性(xing)(xing)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)现(xian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)Q-H曲(qu)线，Q-P、Q-η曲(qu)线下(xia)降(jiang)，严重时(shi)会(hui)使泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)断，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)工作。对于(yu)低比转(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)，由(you)(you)(you)于(yu)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)间流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道(dao)(dao)窄而(er)长，一旦发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡(pao)充(chong)满整个(ge)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道(dao)(dao)，性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)曲(qu)线会(hui)突降(jiang)。对于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)比转(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道(dao)(dao)短而(er)宽，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡(pao)从(cong)发(fa)生(sheng)发(fa)展到(dao)充(chong)满整个(ge)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)道(dao)(dao)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)一个(ge)过渡过程(cheng)，相(xiang)应的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)曲(qu)线开始(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)缓(huan)慢(man)下(xia)降(jiang)，之(zhi)后增加(jia)到(dao)某***量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)时(shi)才急剧下(xia)降(jiang)。离心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)***易发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位(wei)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)曲(qu)率(lv)(lv)***大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)盖板处(chu)(chu)，靠近叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)边(bian)(bian)缘(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低压(ya)(ya)侧；压(ya)(ya)出(chu)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)蜗壳隔舌和(he)(he)(he)导叶(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靠近进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)边(bian)(bian)缘(yuan)低压(ya)(ya)侧；无(wu)前(qian)盖板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)比转(zhuan)数(shu)(shu)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)梢(shao)外圆(yuan)与(yu)壳体(ti)(ti)之(zhi)间的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封间隙以(yi)(yi)及叶(ye)(ye)(ye)梢(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低压(ya)(ya)侧；多级泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)中(zhong)(zhong)***级叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)抗(kang)(kang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)措(cuo)(cuo)施1.提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)离心泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)身抗(kang)(kang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施改进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)***叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)结构设(she)计。增大(da)(da)(da)过流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)面(mian)(mian)积；增大(da)(da)(da)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)盖板进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)段的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曲(qu)率(lv)(lv)半径，减(jian)小液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)急剧加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)与(yu)降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)；适(shi)当(dang)减(jian)少(shao)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)，并将叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)修圆(yuan)，使其(qi)接(jie)近流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)线型，也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)减(jian)少(shao)绕流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)头(tou)(tou)(tou)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)与(yu)降(jiang)压(ya)(ya)；提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)(he)(he)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)光洁度(du)(du)(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)减(jian)小阻力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)损(sun)失；将叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)边(bian)(bian)向叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)延(yan)伸(shen)，使液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)接(jie)受(shou)作功(gong)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诱导轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)，使液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)在(zai)前(qian)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诱导轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)中(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)作功(gong)，以(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)双(shuang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)，让液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)从(cong)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)两(liang)侧同(tong)时(shi)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)，则(ze)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)截(jie)面(mian)(mian)增加(jia)一倍(bei)，进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)(su)可(ke)减(jian)少(shao)一倍(bei)。设(she)计工况采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)稍大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正冲角，以(yi)(yi)增大(da)(da)(da)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)角，减(jian)小叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弯曲(qu)，减(jian)小叶(ye)(ye)(ye)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)阻塞，以(yi)(yi)增大(da)(da)(da)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)面(mian)(mian)积；改善大(da)(da)(da)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作条(tiao)(tiao)件，以(yi)(yi)减(jian)少(shao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)动(dong)损(sun)失。但正冲角不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜过大(da)(da)(da)，否则(ze)影(ying)响效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗(kang)(kang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料。实践表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)明，材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)强(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、硬度(du)(du)(du)(du)、韧性(xing)(xing)越高(gao)(gao)(gao)，化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)学(xue)(xue)稳定(ding)性(xing)(xing)越好(hao)，抗(kang)(kang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)越强(qiang)(qiang)。2.提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)施增加(jia)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)前(qian)贮液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)罐(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。减(jian)小吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)上装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安装(zhuang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。将上吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改为(wei)倒(dao)灌装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。减(jian)小泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)前(qian)管路(lu)(lu)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)动(dong)损(sun)失。如在(zai)要(yao)求范围(wei)尽(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)缩短管路(lu)(lu)，减(jian)小管路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)速(su)(su)(su)，减(jian)少(shao)弯管和(he)(he)(he)阀(fa)门，尽(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)阀(fa)门开度(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。降(jiang)低泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)工质(zhi)(zhi)介(jie)质(zhi)(zhi)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)（当(dang)输送(song)工质(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)近饱和(he)(he)(he)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)时(shi)）。以(yi)(yi)上措(cuo)(cuo)施可(ke)根据泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)选(xuan)型、选(xuan)材和(he)(he)(he)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)现(xian)场等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)条(tiao)(tiao)件，进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行综(zong)合(he)分(fen)(fen)(fen)析，适(shi)当(dang)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)应用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)与(yu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)程(cheng)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)在(zai)工作时(shi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)在(zai)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)(chu)因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)一定(ding)真(zhen)空(kong)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)下(xia)会(hui)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)，汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)气(qi)(qi)(qi)泡(pao)在(zai)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)质(zhi)(zhi)点的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)撞击运动(dong)下(xia)，对叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)金(jin)属表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)剥(bo)(bo)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，从(cong)而(er)破坏叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)金(jin)属，此(ci)时(shi)真(zhen)空(kong)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)叫汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指在(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)(chu)单(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)所(suo)(suo)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)过汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，单(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)米(mi)标(biao)(biao)注(zhu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)（NPSH）r。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)程(cheng)即(ji)为(wei)必(bi)(bi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)Δh：即(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)允许(xu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)空(kong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，亦即(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)允许(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安装(zhuang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，单(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)米(mi)。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)程(cheng)=标(biao)(biao)准大(da)(da)(da)气(qi)(qi)(qi)压(ya)(ya)（10.33米(mi)）-汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)-安全(quan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)（0.5米(mi)） 标(biao)(biao)准大(da)(da)(da)气(qi)(qi)(qi)压(ya)(ya)能(neng)(neng)压(ya)(ya)管路(lu)(lu)真(zhen)空(kong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)10.33米(mi)。各(ge)自计量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)单(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)及表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示字母？汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)指泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)(chu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)所(suo)(suo)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)总水头(tou)(tou)(tou)与(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)时(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)头(tou)(tou)(tou)之(zhi)差，单(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)米(mi)（水柱(zhu)）标(biao)(biao)注(zhu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)（NPSH）表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示，具(ju)体(ti)(ti)分(fen)(fen)(fen)为(wei)如下(xia)几类：NPSHa——装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)又(you)叫有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，越大(da)(da)(da)越不(bu)(bu)(bu)易汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；NPSHr——泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，又(you)叫必(bi)(bi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)或泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)动(dong)压(ya)(ya)降(jiang)，越小抗(kang)(kang)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)越好(hao)；NPSHc——临(lin)界(jie)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)指对应泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)下(xia)降(jiang)一定(ding)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；[NPSH]——许(xu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)确定(ding)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)条(tiao)(tiao)件用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，通常(chang)取 [NPSH]=（1.1～1.5）NPSHc。必(bi)(bi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)何(he)(he)(he)区(qu)别(bie)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)NPSHa和(he)(he)(he)必(bi)(bi)须(xu)(xu)(xu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)NPSHr。泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)(bi)须(xu)(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)(xing)，由(you)(you)(you)设(she)计决(jue)定(ding)，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)由(you)(you)(you)工艺管路(lu)(lu)决(jue)定(ding)。对于(yu)给定(ding)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，在(zai)给定(ding)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)必(bi)(bi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)称为(wei)必(bi)(bi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)NPSHr表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示。又(you)称为(wei)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)规定(ding)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)要(yao)达到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)参(can)数(shu)(shu)。NPSHr和(he)(he)(he)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)内部(bu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)动(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)身头(tou)(tou)(tou)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其(qi)物理意(yi)义是(shi)(shi)(shi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)在(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)下(xia)降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)了保征泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)求在(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)(chu)单(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)超(chao)过汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水头(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。必(bi)(bi)须(xu)(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)与(yu)装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)参(can)数(shu)(shu)无(wu)关(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，只与(yu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)运动(dong)参(can)数(shu)(shu)（vo、wo、wk等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)）有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，这些运动(dong)参(can)数(shu)(shu)在(zai)一定(ding)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)几何(he)(he)(he)参(can)数(shu)(shu)决(jue)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。这就是(shi)(shi)(shi)说NPSHr是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)身（吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)水室(shi)和(he)(he)(he)叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)几何(he)(he)(he)参(can)数(shu)(shu)）决(jue)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。对于(yu)既定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)论何(he)(he)(he)种(zhong)介(jie)质(zhi)(zhi)（黏性(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)(da)介(jie)质(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)影(ying)响速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)除外），在(zai)一定(ding)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)经泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)速(su)(su)(su)度(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)小相(xiang)同(tong)故(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)降(jiang)，即(ji)NPSHr相(xiang)同(tong)。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)NPSHr与(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)质(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)关(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（不(bu)(bu)(bu)考虑(lv)热力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)学(xue)(xue)因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)）。NPSHr越小，表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)降(jiang)小，要(yao)求装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)必(bi)(bi)须(xu)(xu)(xu)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)NPSHa小，因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)而(er)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)越好(hao)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci):r代表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)required必(bi)(bi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，由(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)本(ben)体(ti)(ti)决(jue)定(ding)，具(ju)体(ti)(ti)与(yu)转(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)，叶(ye)(ye)(ye)轮(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)(lun)形(xing)式(shi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指由(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)安装(zhuang)条(tiao)(tiao)件所(suo)(suo)确定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)NPSHa表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)示。又(you)称为(wei)装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)进(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)处(chu)(chu)单(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)过汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水头(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。NPSHa越大(da)(da)(da)，泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)越不(bu)(bu)(bu)容易发(fa)生(sheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)小与(yu)装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)参(can)数(shu)(shu)及液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)体(ti)(ti)性(xing)(xing)质(zhi)(zhi)（p、pv等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)）有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)关(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)为(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)装(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)损(sun)失和(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)方成正比，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)NPSHa随流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增加(jia)而(er)减(jian)小。因(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci): A代表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)available有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，这个(ge)由(you)(you)(you)系统(tong)和(he)(he)(he)管路(lu)(lu)决(jue)定(ding)，必(bi)(bi)须(xu)(xu)(xu)经过严格计算；要(yao)保证泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，NPSHa必(bi)(bi)须(xu)(xu)(xu)大(da)(da)(da)于(yu)NPSHr。具(ju)体(ti)(ti)大(da)(da)(da)多少(shao)，各(ge)种(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)都有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)经验值, 一般(ban)把泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必(bi)(bi)须(xu)(xu)(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)增加(jia)0.5-1m的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)富余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)能(neng)(neng)头(tou)(tou)(tou)作为(wei)允许(xu)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚀(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。
