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【典型(xing)案例】一次取样结果不(bu)能作为超标处罚依据！法院撤(che)销环保局处罚

北京(jing)(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)**人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)(xing) 政 裁 定(ding)(ding) 书（2019）京(jing)(jing)行(xing)(xing)申(shen)(shen)(shen)1646号再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)（一(yi)(yi)审(shen)(shen)(shen)被告，二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)上(shang)诉人(ren)(ren)）天津(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)区(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)，住所地天津(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)区(qu)(qu)建设路159号。法(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)代(dai)表人(ren)(ren)刘玉祥，局(ju)(ju)长(zhang)。委托代(dai)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)曹(cao)炳(bing)富，天津(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)区(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)工作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)员(yuan)。委托代(dai)理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)田淑娟，天津(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)区(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)工作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)员(yuan)。被申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)（一(yi)(yi)审(shen)(shen)(shen)原告，二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)被上(shang)诉人(ren)(ren)）北京(jing)(jing)亿(yi)思(si)(si)(si)清科(ke)技有限公(gong)司(si)，住所地北京(jing)(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)怀(huai)柔(rou)区(qu)(qu)开放(fang)(fang)路113号南四层(ceng)409室。再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)天津(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)区(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)（以下(xia)简称宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)）因与北京(jing)(jing)亿(yi)思(si)(si)(si)清科(ke)技有限公(gong)司(si)（以下(xia)简称亿(yi)思(si)(si)(si)清公(gong)司(si)）环保行(xing)(xing)政处(chu)罚(fa)一(yi)(yi)案，不(bu)(bu)服北京(jing)(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)第四中(zhong)级(ji)人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（以下(xia)简称二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)）作(zuo)(zuo)出的(de)(de)（2019）京(jing)(jing)04行(xing)(xing)终(zhong)6号行(xing)(xing)政判(pan)决，向本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)。本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)组成合议庭对本(ben)(ben)案进行(xing)(xing)了(le)审(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)，现已审(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)终(zhong)结(jie)。再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)服二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)决，向本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)称，二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)程序违(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，适用法(fa)(fa)(fa)律错(cuo)误，请(qing)(qing)(qing)求本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)撤销二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)决，驳回亿(yi)思(si)(si)(si)清公(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)诉讼(song)(song)请(qing)(qing)(qing)求，并依法(fa)(fa)(fa)改判(pan)。本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)认为，根(gen)据(ju)《城(cheng)(cheng)镇(zhen)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)处(chu)理(li)(li)厂(chang)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)标准》中(zhong)规定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)镇(zhen)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)处(chu)理(li)(li)厂(chang)水(shui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)标准为日均(jun)值，采样(yang)频(pin)率(lv)为至(zhi)少每(mei)2小(xiao)时一(yi)(yi)次(ci)，取24小(xiao)时混合样(yang)。宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)仅以一(yi)(yi)次(ci)取样(yang)检测(ce)的(de)(de)数(shu)值认定(ding)(ding)亿(yi)思(si)(si)(si)清公(gong)司(si)超标排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)水(shui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物，继而(er)作(zuo)(zuo)出宝(bao)(bao)(bao)环罚(fa)字[2018]083号《行(xing)(xing)政处(chu)罚(fa)决定(ding)(ding)书》，违(wei)反(fan)了(le)《城(cheng)(cheng)镇(zhen)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)处(chu)理(li)(li)厂(chang)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物排(pai)(pai)放(fang)(fang)标准》的(de)(de)规定(ding)(ding)，应予撤销。二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)其(qi)他认定(ding)(ding)亦无不(bu)(bu)当，本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)予以认可，此处(chu)不(bu)(bu)再(zai)(zai)(zai)赘述。故，二(er)(er)(er)审(shen)(shen)(shen)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)认定(ding)(ding)事(shi)实(shi)清楚，适用法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)规正确。宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)缺(que)乏事(shi)实(shi)和法(fa)(fa)(fa)律依据(ju)，本(ben)(ben)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)予支(zhi)持。综上(shang)，宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)不(bu)(bu)符(fu)合《中(zhong)华人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)和国行(xing)(xing)政诉讼(song)(song)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》第九十一(yi)(yi)条之(zhi)规定(ding)(ding)，依照《人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)关于适用<中(zhong)华人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)和国行(xing)(xing)政诉讼(song)(song)法(fa)(fa)(fa)>的(de)(de)解释》一(yi)(yi)百一(yi)(yi)十六(liu)条第二(er)(er)(er)款之(zhi)规定(ding)(ding)，裁定(ding)(ding)如下(xia)：驳回天津(jin)市(shi)(shi)(shi)宝(bao)(bao)(bao)坻(chi)(chi)(chi)区(qu)(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态环境(jing)(jing)局(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)再(zai)(zai)(zai)审(shen)(shen)(shen)申(shen)(shen)(shen)请(qing)(qing)(qing)。

好(hao)氧池(chi)曝气(qi)量的计算方法，你(ni)知道几种？

曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)计(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)有(you)多种(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)，我试(shi)着(zhe)按(an)(an)各种(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)算(suan)了(le)一(yi)(yi)次，发现(xian)差异较大(da)，现(xian)发上(shang)来，请大(da)家评(ping)评(ping)，用哪种(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)较准确。参数：水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)：46吨/小(xiao)时，  COD：1200mg/l，  无BOD数据(ju)，按(an)(an)BOD=0.5*COD=600mg/l计(ji)(ji)(ji)方(fang)法(fa)一(yi)(yi)：按(an)(an)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)比计(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)：接(jie)触氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)15：1，则空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为：15×46=690m3/h活(huo)性(xing)污(wu)泥(ni)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)10：1，则空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为：10×46=460 m3/h调节(jie)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)5：1，则空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为：5×46=230 m3/h合计(ji)(ji)(ji)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为：690+460+230=1380 m3/h=23 m3/min方(fang)法(fa)二：按(an)(an)去(qu)除1公斤(jin)BOD需(xu)(xu)(xu)1.5公斤(jin)O2计(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)每小(xiao)时BOD去(qu)除量(liang)(liang)(liang)为0.6kg/m3×1100m3/d÷24=27.5kgBOD/h需(xu)(xu)(xu)氧(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)：27.5×1.5=41.25kgO2空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中氧(yang)(yang)的(de)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)为：0.233kg O2/kg空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)则需(xu)(xu)(xu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为：41.25 kgO2÷0.233 O2/kg空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)=177.04 kg空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)密度(du)(du)(du)为1.293 kg/m3则空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)积为：177.04kg÷1.293 kg/m3=136.92 m3微孔(kong)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)头的(de)氧(yang)(yang)利(li)用率为20%，则实际需(xu)(xu)(xu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为： 136.92 m3÷0.2=684.6m3=11.41m3/min方(fang)法(fa)三(san)：按(an)(an)单位(wei)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)面(mian)(mian)积曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)强度(du)(du)(du)计(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)强度(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)般为10-20 m3/ m2h ， 取中间值(zhi)， 曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)强度(du)(du)(du)为15 m3/ m2h接(jie)触氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)活(huo)性(xing)污(wu)泥(ni)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)面(mian)(mian)积共为：125.4 m2则空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为：125.4×15=1881 m3/h=31.35 m3/min调节(jie)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)强度(du)(du)(du)为3m3/ m2h，面(mian)(mian)积为120 m2则空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为3×120=360 m3/h=6m3/min总(zong)共需(xu)(xu)(xu)要37.35 m3/min方(fang)法(fa)四：按(an)(an)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)头数量(liang)(liang)(liang)计(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)根据(ju)停留时间算(suan)出池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)容，再(zai)计(ji)(ji)(ji)计(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)出共需(xu)(xu)(xu)曝(pu)(pu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)头350只，需(xu)(xu)(xu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)为3 m3/h只则共需(xu)(xu)(xu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)350×3=1050 m3/h=17.5 m3/min再(zai)加上(shang)调节(jie)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)需(xu)(xu)(xu)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)6 m3/min，共需(xu)(xu)(xu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)：23.5 m3/min仅供参考，大(da)设(she)(she)计(ji)(ji)(ji)院(yuan)一(yi)(yi)般用气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，我们(men)设(she)(she)计(ji)(ji)(ji)用经(jing)验(yan)值(zhi)大(da)约1公斤(jin)COD需(xu)(xu)(xu)要1公斤(jin)氧(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，1kg氨(an)氮需(xu)(xu)(xu)要45.7kg氧(yang)(yang)气(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

水(shui)泥窑湿法(fa)脱硫石膏脱水(shui)困难(nan)原(yuan)因分(fen)析及对策

由于增湿(shi)塔或余(yu)(yu)热(re)锅(guo)炉(lu)灰(hui)含(han)(han)有(you)(you)约75%的(de)(de)Ca-CO.，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)窑(yao)(yao)湿(shi)法烟气脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)工艺(yi)(yi)中(zhong)，采用增湿(shi)塔或余(yu)(yu)热(re)锅(guo)炉(lu)灰(hui)作为脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)剂，增湿(shi)塔或余(yu)(yu)热(re)锅(guo)炉(lu)灰(hui)通过(guo)计(ji)量输送(song)与工艺(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)混(hun)合搅拌制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)窑(yao)(yao)灰(hui)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，窑(yao)(yao)灰(hui)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)塔内(nei)与烟气中(zhong)的(de)(de)SO,进(jin)行逆(ni)向(xiang)(xiang)接(jie)触(chu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)，在(zai)(zai)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)CaSO,，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)CaSO，被罗茨风(feng)机鼓(gu)人的(de)(de)空气氧化生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)CaSOa，并(bing)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)CaSOa·2H,O。石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)排(pai)(pai)出(chu)泵将吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)塔内(nei)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)后(hou)的(de)(de)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)泵送(song)***石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系统进(jin)行石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)含(han)(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率一(yi)般控制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)15%以下(xia)(xia)。在(zai)(zai)整个脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)过(guo)程中(zhong)，石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)品(pin)质受窑(yao)(yao)灰(hui)中(zhong)CaCO含(han)(han)量，窑(yao)(yao)灰(hui)中(zhong)杂(za)质种(zhong)类含(han)(han)量，浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)pH值，工艺(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)质、氧化空气量、反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)时(shi)间等多种(zhong)因素(su)的(de)(de)影响。脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)替代天然石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)用于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)缓凝(ning)剂和建筑其他行业，其含(han)(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率是重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)质量指标，分达到15%以上(shang)对再利(li)(li)用会带来不利(li)(li)影响。本(ben)文(wen)从整个水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)窑(yao)(yao)湿(shi)法脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)系统中(zhong)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)异常(chang)的(de)(de)因素(su)进(jin)行分析，为水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥(ni)厂提(ti)供处理(li)建议。1石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工艺(yi)(yi)流(liu)(liu)程及运行情况脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)塔底部的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通过(guo)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)排(pai)(pai)出(chu)泵，泵入石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)旋(xuan)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)旋(xuan)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)具有(you)(you)双重(zhong)作用：即石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)预脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)晶体(ti)分级(ji)。进(jin)入水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)旋(xuan)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)浆液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)悬浮切向(xiang)(xiang)流(liu)(liu)动(dong)(dong)产生(sheng)(sheng)离心运动(dong)(dong)，细小的(de)(de)微粒从旋(xuan)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)的(de)(de)中(zhong)心向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)流(liu)(liu)动(dong)(dong)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)溢流(liu)(liu)，正(zheng)常(chang)工况下(xia)(xia)溢流(liu)(liu)进(jin)入脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)塔集水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)坑(keng)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)力(li)旋(xuan)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)中(zhong)重(zhong)的(de)(de)固(gu)体(ti)微粒被抛(pao)向(xiang)(xiang)旋(xuan)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)壁(bi)，向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)流(liu)(liu)动(dong)(dong)，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)含(han)(han)固(gu)浓度约为50%的(de)(de)底流(liu)(liu)。

河南脱硫除尘设备的(de)选择(ze)原则

　　关于(yu)河(he)南(nan)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)除(chu)尘(chen)设(she)备的(de)(de)(de)选(xuan)择，使用者应从以下原则经(jing)(jing)(jing)常考虑，分别是(shi)(shi)(shi)：　　1、立(li)足(zu)SO2污染(ran)现状和(he)环境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)容(rong)纳性，结(jie)合国(guo)家和(he)地(di)方(fang)环境(jing)法规的(de)(de)(de)要求，提(ti)出(chu)合理的(de)(de)(de)、可(ke)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制目(mu)标(biao)，包(bao)括(kuo)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)效(xiao)率、SO2排(pai)放(fang)浓度和(he)排(pai)放(fang)量(liang)。　　2、结(jie)合机(ji)组的(de)(de)(de)现状，包(bao)括(kuo)新机(ji)组或(huo)老(lao)机(ji)组、机(ji)组容(rong)量(liang)、剩余寿命、燃煤硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)分等，充分考虑当地(di)的(de)(de)(de)资源(yuan)条(tiao)件、脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)建设(she)条(tiao)件，包(bao)括(kuo)场地(di)条(tiao)件、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)条(tiao)件、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)周期等，提(ti)出(chu)河(he)南(nan)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)除(chu)尘(chen)设(she)备技术上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)先进的(de)(de)(de)、可(ke)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)，经(jing)(jing)(jing)济上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)合理的(de)(de)(de)，操作上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)能控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)，进度上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)能实(shi)现的(de)(de)(de)，法律上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)允许(xu)的(de)(de)(de)，政(zheng)治上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)能被各方(fang)接受的(de)(de)(de)且有(you)一定延伸性的(de)(de)(de)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)艺。　　3、脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程实(shi)施后(hou)，在允许(xu)的(de)(de)(de)时间和(he)较大的(de)(de)(de)投(tou)资允许(xu)限度内，使河(he)南(nan)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)除(chu)尘(chen)设(she)备能达(da)到***终(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)技术目(mu)标(biao)和(he)经(jing)(jing)(jing)济效(xiao)益。　　4、脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程实(shi)施后(hou)，应确保河(he)南(nan)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)除(chu)尘(chen)设(she)备系统(tong)的(de)(de)(de)安全可(ke)靠(kao)运行(xing)(xing)(xing)，且不会影(ying)响机(ji)组的(de)(de)(de)正常运行(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)安全发电(dian)，努力构造(zao)资源(yuan)节约型和(he)环境(jing)友好型项目(mu)。　　5、超低排(pai)放(fang)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)除(chu)尘(chen)设(she)备工(gong)(gong)(gong)程实(shi)施后(hou)，不造(zao)成二次污染(ran)或(huo)尽可(ke)能将污染(ran)降***较低，脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)副产(chan)品要尽力实(shi)现“减(jian)量(liang)化(hua)、资源(yuan)化(hua)、无(wu)害化(hua)”的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)标(biao)。文章内容(rong)来(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)脱(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)除(chu)尘(chen)设(she)备：//we178.com.cn

硝化反硝化系统加碱量的计算！

硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)条(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，氨(an)(an)氮(dan)(dan)被硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)细(xi)菌(jun)所氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)成为(wei)(wei)(wei)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。他(ta)包括两个基(ji)本反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)步骤：由(you)(you)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)菌(jun)（Nitrosomonas sp）参(can)与将(jiang)(jiang)氨(an)(an)氮(dan)(dan)转化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)为(wei)(wei)(wei)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)；硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)菌(jun)（Nitrobacter sp）参(can)与的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)将(jiang)(jiang)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)转化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)为(wei)(wei)(wei)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)，亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)菌(jun)和(he)(he)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)菌(jun)都(dou)是化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)能(neng)自养菌(jun)，它们利(li)用CO2、CO32-、HCO3-等做(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)碳(tan)(tan)源(yuan)(yuan)，通(tong)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)NH3、NH4+、或NO2-的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)还(hai)(hai)(hai)原(yuan)(yuan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)获得(de)能(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要在(zai)(zai)好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)（Aerobic或Oxic）条(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)进(jin)(jin)行，并以(yi)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)做(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)受体(ti)(ti)，氮(dan)(dan)元素做(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)供(gong)体(ti)(ti)。其(qi)相应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)式(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)： 亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)方程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)式(shi)： 55NH4++76O2+109HCO3→C5H7O2N﹢54NO2-+57H2O+104H2CO3 硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)方程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)式(shi)： 400NO2-+195O2+NH4-+4H2CO3+HCO3-→C5H7O2N+400NO3-+3H2O 硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)总(zong)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)式(shi)： NH4-+1.83O2+1.98HCO3→0.021C5H7O2N+0.98NO3-+1.04H2O+1.884H2CO3 通(tong)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)上述(shu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)料衡算(suan)可(ke)知(zhi)，在(zai)(zai)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，将(jiang)(jiang)1克氨(an)(an)氮(dan)(dan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)为(wei)(wei)(wei)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氮(dan)(dan)需(xu)(xu)(xu)好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)4.57克（其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)需(xu)(xu)(xu)耗(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)3.43克，硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)耗(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)1.14克），同时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)约(yue)需(xu)(xu)(xu)耗(hao)7.14克重碳(tan)(tan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（以(yi)CaCO3计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)）碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。 在(zai)(zai)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，氮(dan)(dan)元素的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)转化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)经历了以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)几(ji)个过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：氨(an)(an)离子(zi)(zi)NH4-→羟胺(an)NH2OH→硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酰(xian)基(ji)NOH→亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)NO2-→硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)NO3-。 二、反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)细(xi)菌(jun) 反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)：在(zai)(zai)缺(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)条(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，利(li)用反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)菌(jun)将(jiang)(jiang)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)还(hai)(hai)(hai)原(yuan)(yuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)氮(dan)(dan)气(qi)而从(cong)污水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)逸出，从(cong)而达(da)到除氮(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是将(jiang)(jiang)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)还(hai)(hai)(hai)原(yuan)(yuan)成氮(dan)(dan)气(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)菌(jun)是一(yi)类(lei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)能(neng)异(yi)养兼性缺(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)型(xing)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。当(dang)有(you)(you)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)态(tai)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)存在(zai)(zai)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)菌(jun)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)分(fen)解有(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，利(li)用分(fen)子(zi)(zi)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)作为(wei)(wei)(wei)***终电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)受体(ti)(ti)，当(dang)无分(fen)子(zi)(zi)态(tai)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)存在(zai)(zai)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)细(xi)菌(jun)利(li)用硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)(he)亚(ya)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)N3+和(he)(he)N5+做(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)受体(ti)(ti)，有(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)则(ze)作为(wei)(wei)(wei)碳(tan)(tan)源(yuan)(yuan)提供(gong)电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)供(gong)体(ti)(ti)提供(gong)能(neng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)并得(de)到氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)稳定，由(you)(you)此可(ke)知(zhi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)须在(zai)(zai)缺(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)条(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)进(jin)(jin)行。从(cong)NO3-还(hai)(hai)(hai)原(yuan)(yuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)N2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)如(ru)(ru)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)： NO3-→NO2-→NO→N2O→N2 反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)菌(jun)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要有(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)碳(tan)(tan)源(yuan)(yuan)（如(ru)(ru)碳(tan)(tan)水(shui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)合(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)、醇类(lei)、有(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)类(lei)）作为(wei)(wei)(wei)电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)供(gong)体(ti)(ti)，利(li)用NO3-中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氮(dan)(dan)进(jin)(jin)行缺(que)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)呼(hu)吸。其(qi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)可(ke)以(yi)简单(dan)用下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)式(shi)表(biao)(biao)示： NO3-+4H(电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)供(gong)体(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu))→ 1/2N2+H2O+2OH-NO2-+3H(电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)供(gong)体(ti)(ti)有(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu))→ 1/2N2+H2O+OH- 综上所述(shu)，硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)每氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)1g氨(an)(an)氮(dan)(dan)耗(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)4.57g,消(xiao)耗(hao)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)7.14g,表(biao)(biao)现为(wei)(wei)(wei)PH值下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)，在(zai)(zai)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，去(qu)(qu)除硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)盐(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氮(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)去(qu)(qu)除碳(tan)(tan)源(yuan)(yuan)，这部分(fen)碳(tan)(tan)源(yuan)(yuan)折(zhe)合(he)(he)(he)DO2.6g,另外，反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)补偿(chang)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)3.57g。 3、硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)平衡1、一(yi)般(ban)来(lai)说，在(zai)(zai)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)中(zhong)(zhong)每硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)lgNH3-N需(xu)(xu)(xu)要消(xiao)耗(hao)7.14g碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，所以(yi)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)可(ke)按(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)式(shi)计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)：碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)＝7.14×QΔCNH3-N×10-3   (1)式(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)：Q为(wei)(wei)(wei)进(jin)(jin)入滤(lv)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)平均(jun)污水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，m3／d； ΔCNH3-N为(wei)(wei)(wei)进(jin)(jin)出滤(lv)池NH3-N浓(nong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差值，mg／L； 7.14为(wei)(wei)(wei)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)需(xu)(xu)(xu)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)系(xi)数，kg碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)／kgNH3-N。 2、对(dui)于含氨(an)(an)氮(dan)(dan)浓(nong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)较(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)业废水(shui)，通(tong)常需(xu)(xu)(xu)要补充碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)才能(neng)使(shi)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)器内(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)pH值维(wei)持在(zai)(zai)7.2～8.0之间。计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)公式(shi)如(ru)(ru)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)：碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)＝K×7.14×QΔCNH3-N×10-3  (2)式(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，K为(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)全(quan)系(xi)数，一(yi)般(ban)为(wei)(wei)(wei)1.2～1.3。3、实际(ji)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)进(jin)(jin)行碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)核算(suan)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)考虑以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)几(ji)部分(fen)：入流污水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，分(fen)解BOD5产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，以(yi)及混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)保持的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剩(sheng)(sheng)余碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。要使(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)顺利(li)进(jin)(jin)行，必(bi)(bi)须满足(zu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)式(shi)： ALKw＋ALKc＞ALKN＋AlKE （3）如(ru)(ru)果碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不足(zu)，要使(shi)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)顺利(li)进(jin)(jin)行，则(ze)必(bi)(bi)须投(tou)加纯(chun)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，补充碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。投(tou)加的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)可(ke)按(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)式(shi)计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)：ΔALK＝（ALKN＋ALKE）—（ALKw＋ALKc）  （4）式(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)： ΔALK为(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)统(tong)(tong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)补充的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，mg／L； ALKN  为(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；ALKN一(yi)般(ban)按(an)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)每kgNH3-N消(xiao)耗(hao)7.14kg碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)。 ALKE  为(wei)(wei)(wei)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)保持的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，ALKE一(yi)般(ban)按(an)曝气(qi)池排(pai)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)剩(sheng)(sheng)余50mg/L碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(以(yi)Na2CO3计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji))计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)。 ALKw 为(wei)(wei)(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)污水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)总(zong)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)； ALKc 为(wei)(wei)(wei)BOD5分(fen)解过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；ALKc与系(xi)统(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SRT有(you)(you)关(guan)系(xi)： 当(dang)SRT＞20d时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)按(an)降(jiang)解每千克BOD5产(chan)(chan)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)0.1kg计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)；当(dang)SRT＝10～20d时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，按(an)0.05kgALK/kgBOD5；当(dang)SRT＜10d时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，按(an)0.01gALK/kgBOD5。Q为(wei)(wei)(wei)进(jin)(jin)入滤(lv)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)平均(jun)污水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，m3／d；ΔCNH3-N为(wei)(wei)(wei)进(jin)(jin)出滤(lv)池NH3-N浓(nong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差值，mg／L；7.14为(wei)(wei)(wei)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)需(xu)(xu)(xu)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)系(xi)数，kg碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)／kgNH3-N。ΔALK为(wei)(wei)(wei)系(xi)统(tong)(tong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)补充的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，mg／L；ALKN  为(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；ALKN一(yi)般(ban)按(an)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)每kgNH3-N消(xiao)耗(hao)7.14kg碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)。ALKE  为(wei)(wei)(wei)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)应(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)保持的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，ALKE一(yi)般(ban)按(an)曝气(qi)池排(pai)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)剩(sheng)(sheng)余50mg/L碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(以(yi)Na2CO3计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji))计(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)。ALKw 为(wei)(wei)(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)污水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)总(zong)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；ALKc 为(wei)(wei)(wei)BOD5分(fen)解过(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)产(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碱(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)；ALKc与系(xi)统(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SRT有(you)(you)关(guan)系(xi)：