钠-钙(gai)双碱(jian)法脱(tuo)硫系统
一(yi)(yi)、产(chan)品概述(shu)钠(na)-钙(gai)(gai)双(shuang)(shuang)碱(jian)(jian)法[NaOH或Na2CO3/Ca(OH)2]脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工(gong)艺(yi)(yi),是(shi)在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)-石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)法的(de)(de)(de)(de)基础(chu)上(shang)(shang)结合(he)(he)钠(na)碱(jian)(jian)法发展起来的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)种(zhong)目(mu)前国内成(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工(gong)艺(yi)(yi)。该脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系统是(shi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)钠(na)盐易(yi)溶于水来吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)烟(yan)(yan)气(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)SO2,然后利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)粉再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。由(you)于整(zheng)个(ge)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)过程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)气(qi)相之间进行(xing)(xing),吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)速率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)高,液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)气(qi)比低(di)(di),吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)剂(ji)(ji)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)高,投(tou)资费用(yong)(yong)(yong)省(sheng),运(yun)行(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)低(di)(di)。脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)过程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)为(wei)烟(yan)(yan)气(qi)与脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)内若(ruo)干层数十支喷(pen)嘴喷(pen)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)细微雾(wu)化(hua)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)滴进行(xing)(xing)充分汽液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)混合(he)(he)接触,使(shi)烟(yan)(yan)气(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)SO2被脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)充分吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying),达到(dao)(dao)(dao)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)尘除SO2的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de),经脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)洗(xi)涤后的(de)(de)(de)(de)烟(yan)(yan)气(qi)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)经脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)顶部除雾(wu)器(qi)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水后进入(ru)(ru)烟(yan)(yan)囱排入(ru)(ru)大气(qi);脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)环液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)经塔(ta)(ta)底管(guan)道流入(ru)(ru)沉淀(dian)(dian)池,上(shang)(shang)清液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)经上(shang)(shang)部溢出进入(ru)(ru)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)池,在(zai)池内与石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)乳液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)进行(xing)(xing)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying),再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流入(ru)(ru)泵(beng)前循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)环槽(cao)补入(ru)(ru)Na2CO3,由(you)泵(beng)打入(ru)(ru)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)塔(ta)(ta)顶脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)除SO2循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)环使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)产(chan)物(wu)经氧化(hua)***终是(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)浆(jiang)CaSO4。二、钠(na)-钙(gai)(gai)双(shuang)(shuang)碱(jian)(jian)法脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工(gong)艺(yi)(yi)优(you)点:Ø脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)高:钠(na)钙(gai)(gai)双(shuang)(shuang)碱(jian)(jian)法【NaOH/Ca(OH)2】采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)钠(na)碱(jian)(jian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)烟(yan)(yan)气(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)SO2,钠(na)碱(jian)(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)强碱(jian)(jian),活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)高、反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)快且充分,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)剂(ji)(ji)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)高,脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)很(hen)容(rong)易(yi)达到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%以上(shang)(shang);Ø技术(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟,运(yun)行(xing)(xing)可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)高,不(bu)会因脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)设(she)备故障(zhang)影响(xiang)煅烧(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)运(yun)行(xing)(xing);Ø操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)弹性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大,对煤种(zhong)变化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)适应(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)强。用(yong)(yong)(yong)碱(jian)(jian)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)剂(ji)(ji),工(gong)艺(yi)(yi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)效果好,可(ke)根据煅烧(shao)炉石(shi)(shi)(shi)油焦含硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)变化(hua),选择(ze)适当液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)气(qi)比等因素,以保(bao)(bao)证设(she)计脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)实现;Ø再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)和沉淀(dian)(dian)分离在(zai)塔(ta)(ta)外,脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)内主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)可(ke)溶性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)钠(na)碱(jian)(jian)溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)环,从(cong)根本(ben)上(shang)(shang)克(ke)服了用(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)剂(ji)(ji)造成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)塔(ta)(ta)和管(guan)道内的(de)(de)(de)(de)结垢问题(ti);Ø钠(na)碱(jian)(jian)循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)环利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong),损耗(hao)少,运(yun)行(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)低(di)(di);Ø正常操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)下吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)过程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)无(wu)废水排放(fang);Ø灰(hui)水易(yi)沉淀(dian)(dian)分离,可(ke)大大降(jiang)低(di)(di)水池的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)资;Ø脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)渣无(wu)毒,溶解度(du)极小,无(wu)二次污(wu)染,可(ke)综(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong);Ø钠(na)碱(jian)(jian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)剂(ji)(ji)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)高、吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)速度(du)快,可(ke)降(jiang)低(di)(di)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)气(qi)比,从(cong)而既可(ke)降(jiang)低(di)(di)运(yun)行(xing)(xing)费用(yong)(yong)(yong),又可(ke)减少水池、水泵(beng)和管(guan)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)资;Ø石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)剂(ji)(ji)(实际消(xiao)耗(hao)物(wu)),廉价(jia)易(yi)得,运(yun)行(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)低(di)(di)。三(san)、钠(na)-钙(gai)(gai)双(shuang)(shuang)碱(jian)(jian)法脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)工(gong)艺(yi)(yi)原理钠(na)-钙(gai)(gai)双(shuang)(shuang)碱(jian)(jian)法【Na2CO3/Ca(OH)2】采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)纯碱(jian)(jian)启动(dong),钠(na)钙(gai)(gai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)SO2、石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法。其(qi)基本(ben)化(hua)学原理可(ke)分脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)过程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)过程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng):【脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)过程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)】Na2CO3+SO2→Na2SO3+CO2(1)2NaOH+SO2→Na2CO3+H2O(2)Na2CO3+SO2+H2O→NaHSO3(3)(1)式(shi)为(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)启动(dong)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)式(shi);(2)式(shi)为(wei)主要(yao)(yao)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)式(shi),pH>9(碱(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)较高时)(3)式(shi)为(wei)当碱(jian)(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)降(jiang)低(di)(di)到(dao)(dao)(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)甚***酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)时(5<pH<9)【再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)过程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)】2NaHSO3+Ca(OH)2→Na2SO3++CaSO3↓+2H2O(4)Na2SO3+Ca(OH)2→2NaOH+CaSO3↓(5)CaSO3+1/2O2→CaSO4(6)在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)浆(jiang)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)达到(dao)(dao)(dao)饱和状况)中(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(两性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing))的(de)(de)(de)(de)NaHSO3很(hen)快跟石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)从(cong)而释(shi)放(fang)出[Na+],随后生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)[SO32-]又继续跟石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying),反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)亚硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸钙(gai)(gai)以半水化(hua)合(he)(he)物(wu)形(xing)式(shi)慢(man)慢(man)沉淀(dian)(dian)下来,从(cong)而使(shi)[Na+]得到(dao)(dao)(dao)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)恢复(fu)对SO2的(de)(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)能力(li),循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)环使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)副产(chan)物(wu)为(wei)亚硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸钙(gai)(gai)和硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)酸钙(gai)(gai),业主根据自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao),对副产(chan)品进行(xing)(xing)处理。四、性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能保(bao)(bao)证★脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)高,一(yi)(yi)般≥90%。★脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)系统阻力(li)低(di)(di),△P≤800Pa。★循(xun)(xun)(xun)(xun)环液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)再(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)反(fan)(fan)应(ying)(ying)充分。★脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)硫(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)后烟(yan)(yan)气(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)残余水分≤75mg/Nm3
查看更多